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Integrated Management
of Bramble Diseases
Bramble disease control
strategies
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Disease control
considerations
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Virusesa
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Verticillium
wilt
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Orange
rust
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Cane
blightsb
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Powdery
mildew
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Fruit
rot
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Good
air/water drainage
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-
|
-
|
-
|
++
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+
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++
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500+
ft from wild brambles
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++
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
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Rotation
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+c
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++d
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-
|
-
|
-
|
-
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Cultivar
tolerance or resistance
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++e
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++f
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++g
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-
|
+
|
-
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Avoid
adjacent plantings
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++j
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-
|
++
|
-
|
+
|
-
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Eliminate
wild brambles
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++
|
-
|
++
|
-
|
+
|
-
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Disease-free
stock
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++
|
++
|
++
|
++
|
+
|
-
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Aphid
control (vectors)
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++
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
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Rogue
infected plants
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++
|
-
|
++
|
-
|
-
|
-
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Speed
drying (weeds, pruning)
|
|
-
|
++
|
++
|
-
|
++
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Prune
3 days before rain
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-
|
-
|
-
|
++
|
-
|
-
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Dispose
of diseased pruned canes
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
++
|
-
|
-
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Maintain
plant vigor
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
++
|
-
|
-
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Fungicide
sprays
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-
|
-
|
++
|
++h
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++i
|
-
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Harvest
before overripe
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
++
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Fruit
storage conditions
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
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++
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Key: ++= most important
controls; += helpful controls; -= no effect.
a Viruses: Mosaic (rasp.), Leaf Curl
(raspberry, with blackberry symptomless), Ringspot (red raspberry), and
Streak (purple and black raspberry).
b Cane blights: anthracnose, cane blight, spur
blight, and Botrytis blight.
c Rotation effective for ringspot virus only;
2 years of grass crop (e.g. corn) with excellent weed control before
planting red raspberry should eliminate need to fumigate for Xiphinema,
a nematode vector.
d Rotation for Verticillium wilt:
Avoid fields planted to susceptible crops (tomatoes, potatoes,
eggplant, peppers, strawberries, raspberries, stone fruit) within the
past 5 years. Avoid fields with history of Verticillium wilt unless
soil is fumigated.
e Virus resistance, tolerance, and immunity:
Mosaic-Blackberries are not affected; black and purple raspberries are
more severely affected than red raspberries. Of purple and black
raspberries, "New Logan", "Bristol", and "Black Hawk" are tolerant;
"Cumberland" is susceptible. Of red raspberries, "Milton", "September",
"Canby", and "Indian Summer" are Resistant because aphid vectors avoid
them. Leaf Curl-Blackberries are symptomless; all raspberries are
affected. Tomato Ringspot-Red raspberries are affected. Streak - Black
and purple raspberries are affected.
f Verticillium tolerance: Most blackberries
are resistant; red raspberries are more tolerant than black
raspberries. "Cuthbert" and "Syracuse" red raspberries appear to be
resistant under field conditions.
g Orange Rust resistance: Red raspberries are
immune. Other brambles are affected. Of blackberries, "Eldorado",
"Raven", "Snyder", "Ebony King", "Choctaw", "Commanche", "Cherokee",
and "Cheyenne" are reported resistant.
h Fungicide program for cane blights: The
lime-sulfur spray (delayed dormant) is most important for anthracnose
and cane blight.
i Fungicide program for powdery mildew: Sulfur
will provide good control of powdery mildew.
j Keep blacks and purples away from reds
because mosaic virus can spread from reds and is more severe on blacks
and purples; Keep all reds away from blackberries because blackberries
can be a symptomless carrier of leaf curl
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