Ohio Grape-Wine Electronic Newsletter
Editor: Imed Dami, PhDAssistant Professor and Extension Viticulture Specialist
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science
Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center
1680 Madison Avenue
Wooster, OH 44691-4096
Phone: (330)-263-3882
Fax: (330)-263-3887
E-mail: dami.1@osu.edu
www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/grapeweb/
11 May
2007
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Content:
Viticulture Short Course -- Reminder
Fungicide Spray Program for Grapes
Disease Control and Management
Foliar Phylloxera
Aim Herbicide
Record Keeping
Fungicide and Insecticide Posters
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Viticulture Short Course "Advances in Vineyard Site Selections"
By: Imed Dami, HCS-OARDC
When:
Where:
What:
Why:
Topics: will cover: macro- and meso-climate considerations for site selection; soil chemical properties and fertility; soil physical properties and water drainage; other crop hazards; matching sites with grape varieties; and the use of GIS and GPS technologies as tools to assist with vineyard site selection.
Speakers:
- Dr. Tony Wolf, State Viticulturist, Virginia Tech University
- Dr. Kaan Kurtural, State Viticulturist, University of Kentucky
- Dr. Larry Brown, Extension Agricultural Engineer, The Ohio State University
- Dr. Robert Mullen, Extension Soil Fertility Specialist, The Ohio State University
- Dr. Imed Dami, State Viticulturist, The Ohio State University
Join us at this unique and very comprehensive short course on site selection developed specifically for grape growers. We hope to see you then!
Developing an Effective Fungicide Spray Program for Wine Grapes In Ohio
By: Michael A. Ellis, OARDC
The following information is intended to be “food for thought” in relation to developing a fungicide spray program for wine grapes in Ohio. The spray schedule presents various fungicide options that can be considered by growers. It is important to note that the schedule is intended to provide simultaneous control of black rot, powdery mildew, downy mildew and Phomopsis cane on leaf spot. The schedule is also intended to provide fungicide resistance management, primarily against the powdery mildew fungus. Note that there are usually several fungicide options that can be selected. This schedule does not contain all of the fungicides currently registered for use on grapes. Remember, these are only “Suggested Guidelines” for use in developing a fungicide program. The final program that you develop will depend upon the disease complex in your vineyard as well as economic considerations (see attached)
Grape Disease Control, 2007
Courtesy of Dr. Wayne Wilcox, Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University,
NY State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva (wfw1@cornell.edu)
It’s time once again for the annual review of new developments, forgotten factoids, proverbial reminders to eat your vegetables, and various options on the viticultural disease-control front. As always, I’d like to acknowledge the outstanding team of grape pathologists here in Geneva, including faculty colleagues (David Gadoury, Bob Seem); research technicians (Duane Riegel, Judy Burr); and graduate students and post-docs too numerous to mention. Rick Dunst and the crew at the Vineyard Lab in Fredonia also play a very significant role, particularly on projects related to native varieties. It is the combined research efforts of all of these people that serve as the basis for most of the following.
I’d also like to acknowledge the financial support of the coordinated public and private viticulture research funding bodies (the recently-demised USDA Viticulture Consortium-East, the New York Wine and Grape Foundation, the Grape Production Research Fund, Lake Erie Regional Grape Program, Dyson Foundation, New York Wine Grape Growers, American Vineyard Foundation), not to mention that of Cornell’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, that allows us to keep moving forward. We’re all very fortunate to be associated with one of the most dynamic segments of agriculture today, and this doesn’t happen by chance (due to its length, this article is attached).
Foliar Phylloxera
Roger Williams and Dan Fickle
Dept. of Entomology, OARDC/OSU
Early
control of foliar phylloxera is important. This is the time of year when
the overwintering eggs hatch and young crawlers try to establish on newly
developing leaves. This usually occurs when shoot length is around 10 to 12
inches. Newly developing galls tend to take on a reddish color at this time
of year and may be seen on the underside of the young leaves. A cover spray
should be applied to susceptible cultivars and a second spray may be
necessary to protect the new foliage for a period of 14 to 20 days. Early
control of this pest is critical to keeping it under control for the
remainder of the season. In the summer the adult winged form will emerge
from root infestations and try to establish on foliage. It may be necessary
to apply protective sprays again at this time (late June to mid July) to
keep the foliar form under control in the late season. Remember that severe
premature defoliation may occur if this pest is left unchecked on
susceptible wine cultivars, especially French hybrids. We now have several
pesticides that work well for control of foliar phylloxera. If choosing to
use one of the pyrethroids (Danitol, Capture, Baythroid) remember their only
effective for about 7 to 10 days post treatment and rainfall can shorten
this period considerably. The neonicotinoids (Provado, Assail) if given
adequate time to be taken into the new foliage will provide protection for
an extended period of time however new foliage will be susceptible and a
second application may be necessary at approximately a 14 day interval. For
treatment rates and recommendations consult your product label. 
Aim® herbicide
Jeffrey Derr, department of plant pathology, physiology and weed science, Virginia Tech
Source: Viticulture Notes by Dr. Tony Wolf
Aim is a relatively new herbicide registered for grape production. Two formulations are available, an EC (emulsifiable concentrate), and an EW (emulsion in water). The active ingredient is carfentrazone-ethyl, a contact broadleaf herbicide. Aim causes little to no injury to established grasses, including Kentucky bluegrass, tall fescue, fine fescue, and perennial ryegrass. Hence, Aim has a place for suppression of broadleaf weeds in a grass cover crop. It controls annual broadleaf weeds such as morningglory, pigweed, lambsquarters, and nightshade. Aim will injure certain perennial broadleaf weeds like buckhorn plantain and white clover, but will not provide acceptable control with one application. Annual broadleaf weeds should be treated when small (less than 4 inches tall) for optimum control. Multiple applications or combinations with other herbicides are required for perennial broadleaf weed control. Directed sprays are needed to minimize contact with grape foliage, unless one is interested in burning off suckers. Aim is rapid-acting, with injury to broadleaf weeds seen within 1 to 3 days.
Record Keeping
David Scurlock, HCS-OARDC
Since we are at the start of a brand new season it is a good time to start keeping records of all of your vineyard operations. This will give you a good idea of where you are spending the most amount of time in the vineyard and hopefully able you to allocate resources properly to perform tasks in a timely manner. Spray records are not only a good idea they are mandatory for Restricted Use Pesticides! Materials sprayed and weather conditions should be written down in your spray book immediately after spraying in case you are visited by an official and asked to see your spray records. Scout the vineyard routinely (weekly) and record growth stages of the vine and any insect or disease symptoms that you find. Record fertilizer rates and be sure to follow up with petiole analysis annually and soil tests every third year. If you have vines that are missing record them so that you have a reference for replants next year. Record any unusual growth habits and make notes on locations of the areas so that you can go back to the same area and correct the problem or eliminate it. Yield records for various blocks will also give you a better picture of what is working for you and what is not. Collectively we are building a living history of the vineyard so that we can better manage our resources and maximize our vineyards potential. If we don’t know where we are going it is really hard to get there. Records are not a fun part of the job, but having a tangible record of what really has taken place through the year will help us make the most of what we have.
Grape Fungicide and Insecticide Posters
2007 Posters of Eastern US Grape Fungicides and Insecticides are now available from VineSmith, Inc. These posters are color-coded with all kinds of information on EPA registration number, mode of action, toxicity, applications restrictions of fungicides and insecticides, and suggested management practices. The posters cover 30 fungicides and 25 insecticides. These poster guides are helpful for vineyard managers to develop an adequate management program for grape diseases and insects in Eastern US. Posters are available for sale from Vine Smith (www.vinesmith.com) (540-869-5188).