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| Author(s): | Duncan L.W., Shapiro D.I., McCoy C.W., Graham J.H. |
| Year: | 1999 |
| Title: | Entomopathogenic nematodes as a component of citrus root weevil IPM |
| Citation: | Proceedings at the National Workshop on Optimal Use of Insecticidal Nematodes in Pest Management. Ed. Polavarapu S. (eds). The State University of New Jersey Rutgers University. Chatsworth, NJ pgs. 69-78. . |
Abstract:
The entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema riobrave, is routinely used by many citrus growers in Florida as a component of ]PM programs to control a root weevil, Diaprepes abbreviatus, because: 1) D. abbreviatus is currently the major biological threat to citriculture in the state; 2) until 1998, no effective chemical pesticides were registered for control of weevil larvae in soil; 3) the short-term efficacy of S. riobravae has been consistently documented; and 4) use of nematodes is relatively inexpensive. Although unexploited, natural control of root weevils by undescribed species of indigenous nematodes in Florida appears to be high. However, major questions remain regarding optimum use of S. riobrave and other entomopathogenic nematodes. Constraints on sampling methodologies have impeded the derivation of economic thresholds and of models of weevil population dynamics that could be used to estimate optimum timing and frequency of nematode treatments. The recommended nematode application rate appears to be adequate for treatment of young trees, but may be too low to provide consistent results in larger mature trees. Research is also needed to estimate: 1) the long-term efficacy of nematodes against weevils; 2) the relative efficacy of nematodes compared to insecticides in an IPM program, and 3) the profitability of D. abbreviatus IPM |
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