| |
|
|
|
| Author(s): | Westerman P.R. |
| Year: | 1998 |
| Title: | Penetration of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis spp. into host insects at 9 and 20ºC |
| Citation: | Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 72:(3) 197-205. . |
Abstract:
The penetration ability of Heterorhabditis spp. into final-instar larvae of Galleria mellonella, Otiorhynchus sulcatus and Spodoptera exigua was studied at 9 or 20ºC. The proportion of infectious nematodes was higher for G. mellonella than for O. sulcatus and higher at 20 than at 9C. Temperature, insect host, nematode batch, and 2- and 3-way interactions significantly influenced the proportion of infectious nematodes. The relative penetration rates were 1.18 102 and 7.85 102/h for G. mellonella at 9 and 20C, respectively, and 0.07 102 and 1.83 102/h for O. sulcatus. Curves of the increase in the number of penetrated nematodes in time, based on estimates of proportion of infectious nematodes and relative penetration rates were compared to the observations. There was a close resemblance between calculated and observed increase in penetrated nematodes in time, except for O. sulcatus at 9C. The proportion of infectious nematodes in 12 heterorhabditid and 4 steinernematid isolates was assessed by prolonged exposure of insects to a single dose of nematodes. The estimated proportion of infectious nematodes was higher at 20 than at 9C and was lower in O. sulcatus than in the other 2 hosts. The influences of temperature, insect host, nematode isolate and the interactions between these factors on proportion of infectious nematodes were significant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
